Weather based crop management

 

A. Crop Improvement and Varieties

Sugarcane varieties released in India (central releases) - Salient characteristics

Name of variety Year of release Planting season Cane yield (t/ha) Sucrose content 
(% in juice)		 Area recommended Genetic research for yield quality Other specific characteristics of the variety

Co 8371
(Bhima)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 117.7 18.6 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut, moderately susceptible to red rot, tolerant to drought and water logging

Co 85004
(Prabha)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 90.5 19.5 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Early, resistant to smut, moderately susceptible to red rot, good ratooner

Co 86032
(Nayana)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 102.0 20.1 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut, field resistant to red rot, tolerant to drought, good ratooner

Co 86249
(Bhavani)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 104.2 18.7 ECZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut and red rot, good ratooner

Co 87025
(Kalyani)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 98.2 18.3 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut, field resistant to red rot, tolerant to drought and water logging

Co 87044
(Uttara)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 101.0 18.3 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to smut, moderately susceptible to red rot

Co 87263
(Sarayu)

 2000 Feb. - March 66..3 17.4 NCZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Early, resistant to smut and  red rot, resistant to early shoot borer, tolerant to drought and water logging

Co 87268
(Moti)

 2000 Feb. - March 78.9 17.5 NCZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Early, resistant to smut and moderately resistant to red rot, tolerant to drought and water logging

Co 91010
(Dhanush)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 116.0 19.1 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut, moderately susceptible to red rot,  tolerant to drought

CoM 88121
(Krishna)

 2000 Nov. – Jan. 88.7 18.6 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, resistant to smut, tolerant to drought, excellent jaggery quality

Co Pant 90223

 2000 Feb. - March 73.3 18.5 NWZ Open pollination followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to red rot, resistant to smut, tolerant to drought, water logging and cold, excellent ratooner

CoS 1230
(Raseeli)

 2000 Feb. - March 68.2 18.8 NWZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to red rot, tolerant to top borer, shoot borer and stalk borer

BO 128
(Pramod)

 2001 Feb. - March

69.2

 

17.6

 

 NCZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to red rot and smut, tolerant to water logging and saline-sodic soil

Co 89029
(Gandak)

 2001 Feb. - March 70.6 16.3 NCZ Open pollination followed by clonal selection Early, moderately resistant to red rot, resistant to top borer and shoot borer, non-flowering, tolerant to drought and water logging.

CoH 2201
(Haryana-92)

 2001 Feb. - March 70.0 18.2 NWZ Open pollination followed by clonal selection Early, moderately resistant to red rot

CoSe 92423
(Rajbhog)

 2001 Feb. - March 70.0 17.5 NCZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to red rot

CoSe 95422
(Rasbhari)

 2001 Feb. - March 67.8 17.7 NCZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Early, moderately resistant to red rot

Co 94008
(Shyama)

 2004 Nov. – Jan. 119.8 18.3 PZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Early, moderately resistant to red rot, resistant to smut, tolerant to drought and salinity, good quality jaggery

CoS 94270
(Sweta)

 2004 Feb. - March 81.5 17.1 NWZ Biparental crossing followed by clonal selection Midlate, moderately resistant to red rot, tolerant to abiotic stress, excellent ratooner
PZ Peninsular Zone Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, interior Andhra Pradesh and plateau region of Tamil Nadu
ECZ East Coast Zone Orissa, coastal Andhra Pradesh and coastal Tamil Nadu
NCZ North Central Zone Bihar, West Bengal and Eastern Uttar Pradesh
NWZ North West Zone Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal and Western and Central Uttar Pradesh

 

B. Crop Production

Crop Production Practices for use by the Farmers:

First Fortnight: 1st June to 15th June:

  1. Fertilizer application – Band placement of remaining 50 kg N /ha after irrigation
  2. Hoeing of sugarcane field just after N application
  3. Weeding to keep the field weed free
  4. Weed control through herbicides may be taken in late planted cane (2; 4-D @1.5 kg/ha)
  5. In the event of delayed monsoon or drought 60kg K2O/ha may be applied with last irrigation
  6. It would be worthwhile to adopt alternate furrow irrigation method where irrigation water is scares

Second Fortnight: 16th June to 30th June:

  1. Earthing–up just after on-set of monsoon
  2. If the last dose of nitrogen was not applied due to non availability of irrigation then same may be top dressed with the on set of monsoon
  3. Application of 60 kg K2O /ha may be done to overcome the drought situation if not applied earlier with last irrigation
  4. Hoeing and weeding need to be done to control weeds and avoid losses caused by them
  5. If there are no rains then mulching by dry leaves and grasses may be done to conserve soil moisture.
  6. Providing proper drainage to avoid water logging in the event of excess rains
  7. Spray of 2.5% each of urea and KCl in the situations of prolonged drought. 

 

C. Crop Protection

Management of Insect Pests:

  1. Apply Chlorophyriphos @ 1kg a.i./ha for the control of termites in sugarcane field. For the purpose the insecticide may be applied along with irrigation water

  2. The incidence of III brood of top borer has started and all the sugarcane growers are advised to use Carbofuran granules @ 1 kg a.i./ha in soil when the sufficient moisture is available. The granules may be raked into soil after application.

Disease Management: 

  1. Red Rot is an important disease and major problem in U.P., Bihar, Haryana, Punjab and Gujarat states. Wilt is prevalent in U.P., Gujarat and Bihar, while Grassy shoot disease (GSD) and mosaic are occurring in almost all the cane growing states.

  2. The farmers are advised to adopt the following package of practices for the management of major diseases, like red rot, smut, wilt, and GSD.